Podcast – Aviation News Talk

404 VFR into IMC: Why GA Pilots Crash in Weather and How to Stay VFR

In this episode of Aviation News Talk, we begin with the developing details Weather accidents in general aviation often happen to pilots who genuinely believe they’re cautious about flying in marginal conditions. But when you look closely at the chain of decisions that lead up to VFR-into-IMC crashes, a consistent pattern emerges—fatigue, long flights, pressure to complete a trip, weakening visibility, and the belief that “I can stay just under this.” In Episode 404 of Aviation News Talk, Max Trescott unpacks a tragic example of this pattern and shows how NTSB data helps explain why GA pilots continue to stumble into weather accidents.

Max begins with a detailed look at a 2023 crash involving a Piper Archer, N21480, flown by a 66-year-old private pilot who was en route from Maine to Sun ’n Fun. The pilot had made this long trip multiple times before and was familiar with the route. He departed Maine, stopped twice for fuel, and ended the day by sleeping on a couch in a pilot lounge—after ordering Uber Eats at around 8 p.m. According to his wife, the pilot routinely camped at airports, carried sleeping gear and guitars, and prided himself on being cautious about weather.

The next morning, however, the signs of fatigue were visible. An airport employee who spoke with the pilot noted he looked tired and “could see the fatigue in his eyes.” Despite checking weather and considering waiting out an approaching system, the pilot ultimately chose to depart. He told ATC he wanted to remain low—around 1,600 feet—to stay VFR under the cloud layer.

Unfortunately, this strategy is one of the most dangerous choices a VFR pilot can make. Staying low reduces options, shrinks reaction time, and increases the likelihood of inadvertently entering IMC. Eight minutes after informing ATC he wanted to stay low to maintain VFR, the pilot’s track shows the airplane turning right and descending. When the controller asked if he was maneuvering to stay below the clouds, the pilot replied: “Mayday, mayday, in the clouds, I’m going down.” Witnesses described the airplane descending nearly straight down.

The NTSB report revealed worsening weather, nearby convective activity, cloud bases around 1,300 feet AGL, and an overcast layer with tops near 3,500 feet. The pilot had passed an airport less than two miles before the crash—an airport he may have been trying to return to during his final 360-degree turn. But like many non-instrument-rated pilots who enter IMC unintentionally, he lost control within about a minute, consistent with studies showing that VFR pilots often lose control within three minutes of entering clouds.

Max then connects this accident to a broader NTSB study, Risk Factors Associated with Weather-Related General Aviation Accidents (SS-05/01). This landmark analysis compared 72 weather-related accidents with 135 non-accident flights occurring nearby at the same time. The goal was to uncover what differentiates pilots who get into trouble from those who do not.

The results were eye-opening. The most significant predictor was the age at which a pilot earned their first certificate, not their age at the time of the accident. Pilots who learned to fly at age 25 or younger had the lowest risk. Those who trained between 25 and 35 had a 4.5-times higher risk, between 35 and 45 had a 4.8-times higher risk, and pilots who started at 45 or older had a 3.4-times higher risk. The South Carolina pilot earned his certificate at around age 49.

Another major factor was lack of an instrument rating. Non-instrument-rated pilots had a 4.8-times greater likelihood of a weather accident. Long flights were also a major contributor: legs of 300 miles or more sharply increased risk. Pilots involved in accidents were less likely to have obtained thorough weather briefings and more likely to have had previous incidents or accidents.

One of the most striking findings concerned written and checkride performance. Accident pilots had cumulative pass rates averaging 84–86%, while non-accident pilots averaged around 95%. Some accident pilots had multiple failed checkrides, including one commuter pilot who had failed nine practical tests. The study concluded that stronger written and checkride performance was statistically linked to lower accident involvement.

From there, Max shifts to what pilots can do differently, starting with awareness. Humans are poor at detecting gradual reductions in visibility—the “frog in warm water” problem. Max describes an early flight to Massachusetts where visibility slowly degraded from 25 miles to around 10 miles, yet he didn’t notice until the change became obvious. To counter this, he recommends periodically estimating visibility in flight using runway lengths, moving-map distances, landmarks, and horizon clarity.

Max also teaches a simple method for estimating cloud clearance using a 45-degree reference point on the cloud base. By timing how long it takes to reach the point beneath the cloud and using your groundspeed, you can determine if you’re maintaining the required 500-foot clearance. The same geometry works for estimating horizontal cloud distance.

Finally, Max emphasizes fatigue and decision-making. After nearly 10 hours of flying the day before, poor sleep on a couch, and an early morning departure, the pilot in the accident was not at peak performance. Nutrition also matters—low glucose levels degrade decision-making. Max stresses the need to set clear weather trigger points before departure, brief passengers on them, and stick to the plan.

For any pilot who flies VFR, especially on long cross-country trips, this episode highlights why VFR-into-IMC accidents still happen—and how to stay VFR by using better judgment, better tools, and objective visibility cues.

If you’re getting value from this show, please support the show via PayPal, Venmo, Zelle or Patreon.

Support the Show by buying a Lightspeed ANR Headsets
Max has been using only Lightspeed headsets for nearly 25 years! I love their tradeup program that let’s you trade in an older Lightspeed headset for a newer model. Start with one of the links below, and Lightspeed will pay a referral fee to support Aviation News Talk.
Lightspeed Delta Zulu Headset $1199 HOLIDAY SPECIAL
NEW – Lightspeed Zulu 4 Headset $1099
Lightspeed Zulu 3 Headset $949
Lightspeed Sierra Headset $749
My Review on the Lightspeed Delta Zulu

Send us your feedback or comments via email

If you have a question you’d like answered on the show, let listeners hear you ask the question, by recording your listener question using your phone.

News Stories

Mentioned on the Show
Buy Max Trescott’s G3000 Book Call 800-247-6553
Max’s FLYING Column on use of the Autopilot APR key

Free Index to the first 282 episodes of Aviation New Talk

So You Want To Learn to Fly or Buy a Cirrus seminars
Online Version of the Seminar Coming Soon – Register for Notification

Check out our recommended ADS-B receivers, and order one for yourself. Yes, we’ll make a couple of dollars if you do.

Get the Free Aviation News Talk app for iOS or Android.

Check out Max’s Online Courses: G1000 VFR, G1000 IFR, and Flying WAAS & GPS Approaches. Find them all at: https://www.pilotlearning.com/

Social Media
Like Aviation News Talk podcast on Facebook
Follow Max on Instagram
Follow Max on Twitter
Listen to all Aviation News Talk podcasts on YouTube or YouTube Premium

“Go Around” song used by permission of Ken Dravis; you can buy his music at kendravis.com

If you purchase a product through a link on our site, we may receive compensation.

403 UPS MD-11 Crash Analysis + Dr. Catherine Cavagnaro on How to Make Better Landings

In this episode of Aviation News Talk, we begin with the developing details surrounding the crash of UPS Airlines Flight 2976, a McDonnell Douglas MD-11F cargo aircraft that crashed shortly after takeoff from Louisville, Kentucky. The aircraft, tail number N259UP, was a 34-year-old MD-11F powered by three General Electric CF6-80 engines.

Bystander video shows the left engine separated from the wing, with the wing engulfed in flames as the aircraft lifted off. ADS-B data indicates the aircraft climbed less than 100 feet before beginning a descending, left-turning roll from which it did not recover. The crew had already passed V1, meaning they were committed to takeoff and did not have adequate runway remaining to stop. In situations like this, flight crews may have no survivable option, and this accident may represent one of those rare but tragic scenarios.

We also compare aspects of this event to American Airlines Flight 191, the 1979 DC-10 crash at Chicago O’Hare. While both accidents involved the loss of the left engine on takeoff, the failure chain in AA191 involved slat retraction due to damaged hydraulic and control lines—failure modes later addressed in the MD-11 design. The MD-11’s slats are hydraulically locked to prevent unintended retraction, meaning the probable cause of this accident must differ in critical ways.

After the accident analysis, we shift to a practical, pilot-focused conversation about landings with returning guest Dr. Catherine Cavagnaro, columnist for AOPA and highly respected flight instructor and DPE. Drawing on more than a thousand check rides, Catherine explains that the most consistent problem she sees is pilots flying final approach too fast. While pilots often worry about being too slow, the data shows that excessive approach speed is far more common and contributes to long landing rolls, excessive float, bounced landings, and pilot-induced oscillations.

Catherine and Max discuss how a correct approach speed provides the right amount of energy to land smoothly and in control. More power and speed make it harder to manage the flare and to touch down where intended. Pilots also frequently fail to align the aircraft longitudinal axis with the runway before touchdown, particularly in crosswinds, due to hesitation in applying sufficient rudder and aileron. Catherine explains that as the aircraft slows, flight controls become less effective, so pilots should expect to use more control input in the final seconds before touchdown—not less.

The conversation also explores landing accuracy, noting that pilots should strive to touch down within 200–400 feet of a target point—not “somewhere down the runway.” Even on long runways, building accuracy pays dividends when landing at shorter fields or during check rides.

A useful data tool Catherine recommends is FlySto (flysto.net), which allows pilots with modern avionics to upload flight data and analyze approach speed, pitch attitude, touchdown point, crab angle, rollout direction, and braking forces. By reviewing objective data, pilots can identify habits and improve their consistency over time.

Whether you’re teaching new pilots, returning to flying after a break, or simply want your landings to be more stable and predictable, Catherine’s techniques offer actionable steps: choose the correct approach speed, use proper crosswind controls, flare to a nose-high attitude, and maintain precision with touchdown point selection.

Together, the accident analysis and the landing discussion reinforce a core theme of this show: aviation skills improve with deliberate practice, continuous learning, and a deep respect for the realities of risk, energy management, and aircraft control.

If you’re getting value from this show, please support the show via PayPal, Venmo, Zelle or Patreon.

Send us your feedback or comments via email

If you have a question you’d like answered on the show, let listeners hear you ask the question, by recording your listener question using your phone.

News Stories

Mentioned on the Show
American Airlines Flight 191 Analysis by Jeff Guzzetti
Fly California Passport Program
Catherine Cavagnaro YouTube Channel
Ace Aerobatic School
Buy Max Trescott’s G3000 Book Call 800-247-6553

Free Index to the first 282 episodes of Aviation New Talk

So You Want To Learn to Fly or Buy a Cirrus seminars
Online Version of the Seminar Coming Soon – Register for Notification

Check out our recommended ADS-B receivers, and order one for yourself. Yes, we’ll make a couple of dollars if you do.

Get the Free Aviation News Talk app for iOS or Android.

Check out Max’s Online Courses: G1000 VFR, G1000 IFR, and Flying WAAS & GPS Approaches. Find them all at: https://www.pilotlearning.com/

Social Media
Like Aviation News Talk podcast on Facebook
Follow Max on Instagram
Follow Max on Twitter
Listen to all Aviation News Talk podcasts on YouTube or YouTube Premium

“Go Around” song used by permission of Ken Dravis; you can buy his music at kendravis.com

If you purchase a product through a link on our site, we may receive compensation.

402 Flying the Cirrus SF50 Vision Jet Before the Type Rating: 5 Days with Ken Ansin

Vision Jet owner Ken joins Max Trescott to recount an unforgettable five-day training adventure that bridged the gap between piston flying and turbine jet proficiency. As a longtime Cirrus SR22 pilot from the Boston area, Ken had spent nearly a decade flying for both business and family trips, rarely exceeding 300 nautical miles from home. When he decided to upgrade to a 2019 G2 Vision Jet, he wanted more than a checkout—he wanted a head start on mastering the airplane before tackling the Cirrus type rating course in Knoxville.

In this episode, Ken explains how his “pre-SOE” plan came together. After reaching out to Max, the two pilots scheduled nearly a week of flying to experience diverse weather, airports, and procedures. The goal: to learn the G3000 avionics, improve cockpit workflow, and build real-world familiarity before entering formal training. Their first day took them from Bedford, Massachusetts, to Burlington, Vermont, and then to Lancaster, Pennsylvania, where Max demonstrated how to safely cancel IFR and load a visual approach when haze and sun glare limited visibility. That night, while returning to Bedford, they learned the importance of aiming for runway aiming points—not the numbers—especially during night landings in jets. Day two brought a new challenge: deciding whether to fly west toward the Rockies or south toward better weather. A massive cold front made the decision easy, and the pair headed south instead. After a scenic leg along Long Island to Atlantic City, Ken received what Max called “the longest IFR clearance ever.” Rather than manually entering the clearance into the G3000, Max showed how to import the flight plan directly from ForeFlight—a huge time-saver for managing long routes. That evening’s destination was Greene County, Georgia (3J7), near Ken’s in-laws’ home at Lake Oconee. The stop held sentimental value: it was the same airport where Ken had first landed years earlier with his brand-new SR22. The next morning brought low fog and another teachable moment. When poor cell coverage prevented them from obtaining an IFR release, Max used the Vision Jet’s SAT phone to call clearance delivery—a practical use for a feature many pilots overlook. Later that day, while practicing a VX climb—a maximum-performance takeoff used for steep departure gradients—Ken forgot to raise the landing gear, a common mistake during the high-workload maneuver. The oversight led to a discussion about better cues, timing, and division of tasks between pilots to avoid forgetting critical steps. They also discovered that one set of keys had been left in the cabin door—a harmless but memorable moment that required returning to the airport to retrieve them. From Georgia, they flew to Asheville, North Carolina, for real-world mountain experience, and then to John C. Tune Airport in Nashville. When ATC issued a last-minute vector, Max demonstrated how to safely “do nothing”—allowing the autopilot to intercept as planned instead of overcomplicating things. On day four, they returned to Boston. At night, controllers twice ignored their request for an ILS approach into Bedford, forcing a visual approach at higher altitude and steeper descent rates. Max explained why instrument approaches at night are always safer, and how overworked controllers sometimes inadvertently increase pilot workload. The final day offered a lighter tone: a short hop to Nantucket, one of Ken’s favorite destinations. There, Max illustrated how adjusting throttle settings and altitude can drastically change fuel burn—saving nearly 18 gallons on a short leg by reducing power. Ken wrapped up by reflecting on what he gained from the experience: confidence, familiarity with the Vision Jet’s systems, and a deeper appreciation for proactive learning. “I encourage other pilots to build their own syllabus,” he said, “because flying with an instructor like Max before formal training was both incredibly valuable and a lot of fun.” Whether you fly a Cirrus SR22 or aspire to own a Vision Jet, this episode is packed with insights about transition training, pre-type preparation, and real-world decision-making that can make any pilot safer and more capable. If you’re getting value from this show, please support the show via PayPal, Venmo, Zelle or Patreon. Support the Show by buying a Lightspeed ANR Headsets Max has been using only Lightspeed headsets for nearly 25 years! I love their tradeup program that let’s you trade in an older Lightspeed headset for a newer model. Start with one of the links below, and Lightspeed will pay a referral fee to support Aviation News Talk. Lightspeed Delta Zulu Headset $1299 NEW – Lightspeed Zulu 4 Headset $1099 Lightspeed Zulu 3 Headset $949 Lightspeed Sierra Headset $749 My Review on the Lightspeed Delta Zulu Send us your feedback or comments via email If you have a question you’d like answered on the show, let listeners hear you ask the question, by recording your listener question using your phone. News Stories

Mentioned on the Show Buy Max Trescott’s G3000 Book Call 800-247-6553 Lightspeed Delta Zulu Headset Giveaway NTSB News Talk Podcast UAV News Talk Podcast Rotary Wing Show Podcast Buy ForeFlight Sentry ADS-B Receiver Montana small aircraft crash rate among highest in the nation Free Index to the first 282 episodes of Aviation New Talk So You Want To Learn to Fly or Buy a Cirrus seminars Online Version of the Seminar Coming Soon – Register for Notification Check out our recommended ADS-B receivers, and order one for yourself. Yes, we’ll make a couple of dollars if you do. Get the Free Aviation News Talk app for iOS or Android. Check out Max’s Online Courses: G1000 VFR, G1000 IFR, and Flying WAAS & GPS Approaches. Find them all at: https://www.pilotlearning.com/ Social Media Like Aviation News Talk podcast on Facebook Follow Max on Instagram Follow Max on Twitter Listen to all Aviation News Talk podcasts on YouTube or YouTube Premium “Go Around” song used by permission of Ken Dravis; you can buy his music at kendravis.com If you purchase a product through a link on our site, we may receive compensation.

401 Cirrus Crash Lessons: CAPS Parachute Save vs. Deadly Go-Around + GA News

Max talks with John Fiscus of The Flight Academy to break down two Cirrus SR22 accidents that highlight the extremes of safety outcomes in general aviation: one a dramatic survival story, the other a heartbreaking tragedy.

Accident 1: CAPS Parachute Save over Lake Michigan The first accident involved a Cirrus SR22 (N121JB) that suffered engine failure shortly after reaching 7,500 feet on a flight across Lake Michigan. The pilot and passengers had life vests ready, immediately turned toward shore, declared a mayday, and deployed the Cirrus Airframe Parachute System (CAPS). The parachute brought the aircraft down safely into the cold waters, where the occupants were rescued by the Coast Guard. This outcome underscores why CAPS has become one of Cirrus’s most powerful safety innovations. John emphasizes lessons from the accident:

Always wear flotation gear before flying over large bodies of water.
Be cautious of low-time airplanes—this Cirrus had only 75 hours in four years, raising concerns about engine reliability.
Understand the “unwritten rule”: don’t fly beyond gliding distance over the Great Lakes, where hypothermia makes ditching survival unlikely.

Accident 2: Fatal Go-Around at Franklin County Airport, NC The second case involved a Cirrus SR22 Turbo (N218VB) attempting to land at Franklin County Airport in North Carolina. Weather was clear, but the pilot approached high, fast, and tight, leaving little margin for error. After abandoning the first landing attempt, the pilot tried again but remained unstable. On the second approach, the aircraft descended steeply and attempted a go-around, which ended in a fatal crash. John and Max discuss common contributing factors in go-around accidents:

Unstable approaches with excessive speed and descent rates.
Turbocharged engine management—if the mixture isn’t properly enriched, adding full power can cause the engine to stumble or quit.
Rudder discipline—failure to apply right rudder is a leading cause of go-around crashes, often resulting in wreckage on the left side of the runway.
Lack of practice—many pilots avoid go-arounds, leaving them unprepared for the demands of the maneuver.

Both accidents reinforce the importance of:

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs): Airline pilots succeed not because they’re inherently better, but because they follow strict procedures. GA pilots should do the same.
Go-Around Training: Every pilot should regularly practice stabilized go-arounds under realistic conditions.
CAPS Awareness: The parachute system consistently saves lives when used promptly.
Risk Assessment: Whether crossing lakes or approaching mountainous airports, risk should be mitigated through planning, equipment, and training.

By contrasting a successful CAPS deployment with a tragic go-around accident, this episode drives home the reality that survival often comes down to preparation, discipline, and knowing how to use the tools available. For Cirrus and general aviation pilots alike, this is an essential conversation on accident prevention, go-around safety, and maximizing the life-saving potential of CAPS. If you’re getting value from this show, please support the show via PayPal, Venmo, Zelle or Patreon. Support the Show by buying a Lightspeed ANR Headsets Max has been using only Lightspeed headsets for nearly 25 years! I love their tradeup program that let’s you trade in an older Lightspeed headset for a newer model. Start with one of the links below, and Lightspeed will pay a referral fee to support Aviation News Talk. Lightspeed Delta Zulu Headset $1299 NEW – Lightspeed Zulu 4 Headset $1099 Lightspeed Zulu 3 Headset $949 Lightspeed Sierra Headset $749 My Review on the Lightspeed Delta Zulu Send us your feedback or comments via email If you have a question you’d like answered on the show, let listeners hear you ask the question, by recording your listener question using your phone. News Stories

Mentioned on the Show Buy Max Trescott’s G3000 Book Call 800-247-6553 Lightspeed Delta Zulu Headset Giveaway NTSB News Talk Podcast UAV News Talk Podcast Rotary Wing Show Podcast Buy ForeFlight Sentry ADS-B Receiver Max’s FLYING article on Potomac MidAir Collision The Flight Academy Free Index to the first 282 episodes of Aviation New Talk So You Want To Learn to Fly or Buy a Cirrus seminars Online Version of the Seminar Coming Soon – Register for Notification Check out our recommended ADS-B receivers, and order one for yourself. Yes, we’ll make a couple of dollars if you do. Get the Free Aviation News Talk app for iOS or Android. Check out Max’s Online Courses: G1000 VFR, G1000 IFR, and Flying WAAS & GPS Approaches. Find them all at: https://www.pilotlearning.com/ Social Media Like Aviation News Talk podcast on Facebook Follow Max on Instagram Follow Max on Twitter Listen to all Aviation News Talk podcasts on YouTube or YouTube Premium “Go Around” song used by permission of Ken Dravis; you can buy his music at kendravis.com If you purchase a product through a link on our site, we may receive compensation.

400 Starlink Internet for GA Pilots: Safety, Costs, and Future Tech with Sporty’s Bret Koebbe + GA News

Max talks with Bret Koebbe, Vice President of Sporty’s Pilot Shop, about how Starlink internet access is entering general aviation cockpits and what that means for pilots today and in the future.

For decades, cockpit connectivity was mostly reserved for the airlines. Systems like Gogo provided limited bandwidth, required expensive antennas, and were impractical for piston aircraft. GA pilots relied on ADS-B weather, portable receivers, or Iridium text messaging to stay connected. That landscape has shifted with the Starlink Mini, a portable satellite dish small enough to fit in a 182 or Cirrus, delivering broadband internet in flight.

Benefits for Pilots

Bret outlines the legitimate safety advantages. Pilots can text family or FBOs, update arrival times, and share real-time position updates. More importantly, Starlink could enable widespread filing of PIREPs directly from an iPad, improving weather data for all. Weather cameras, now integrated into ForeFlight, could become accessible in flight, offering pilots actual visual conditions instead of relying solely on METARs or AWOS reports.

Risks and Distractions

But Starlink also poses serious distraction risks. Bret shares a personal story: during a family trip, he streamed an NFL game mid-flight, only to realize within seconds how dangerously it diverted his attention. He immediately shut it off, but the experience was a powerful reminder of how alluring the technology is. Max underscores that the NTSB lists distractions as a top factor in loss-of-control accidents, and Starlink could easily become an “attractive nuisance” in cockpits.

Cost and Service Plans

Starlink Mini hardware is about $499, and the Local Priority plan runs $65/month for 50 GB, sufficient for most piston pilots. For corporate pilots and jets, the Global Priority plan at $250/month supports higher speeds and offshore operations. Bret explains the differences in speed limitations (350 mph for Local Priority vs 550 mph for Global Priority) and how to choose based on aircraft type and mission.

Mounting and Power Solutions

Because Starlink Mini lacks an internal battery, powering it is key. Bret recommends Sporty’s Flight Gear Max Battery, capable of outputting 140 watts via USB-C, giving about three hours of Starlink runtime. For longer flights, higher-capacity solutions exist. Mounting options include suction cup mounts for rear windows (ideal in high-wing Cessnas and Cirrus aircraft) or side-window solutions in low-wing and corporate jets. Positioning is critical—blocking the dish with wings can cause dropouts.

Practical Tips

Bret offers pilot-tested tips:

Create a custom iPad Focus Mode that blocks notifications except for critical texts when ForeFlight is open.
Establish SOPs—use Starlink only in cruise and disconnect before descent.
Enable Low Data Mode on devices to prevent iCloud or app background syncing from eating up gigabytes.
Don’t rely on Starlink radar or traffic feeds, which have even more latency than ADS-B.

The Future of Connected Cockpits

Looking ahead, Bret sees huge potential. Automatic turbulence reporting from onboard sensors could update in real time if aircraft have internet connections. Engine monitor data could be streamed to ground support for diagnostics, offering pilots in-flight decision support. Eventually, Starlink-enabled cockpits could complement FAA datalink systems like CPDLC, streamlining communication and safety services.

Final Thoughts

This milestone Episode 400 illustrates how cockpit technology continues to evolve rapidly. Affordable internet access brings new possibilities for safety, convenience, and passenger comfort, but it also requires disciplined use to prevent dangerous distractions. As Bret and Max agree, the future of aviation will be defined by how responsibly pilots integrate these new tools.

Whether you fly a piston single, a turboprop, or a corporate jet, Starlink is likely to shape your cockpit experience in the coming years. This episode gives pilots the knowledge to make informed decisions as they consider adopting Starlink for their aircraft.

Mentioned on the Show Buy Max Trescott’s G3000 Book Call 800-247-6553 Lightspeed Delta Zulu Headset Giveaway NTSB News Talk Podcast UAV News Talk Podcast Rotary Wing Show Podcast Buy ForeFlight Sentry ADS-B Receiver Buy Starlink Mini, Battery, and Mounting Solutions Free Index to the first 282 episodes of Aviation New Talk So You Want To Learn to Fly or Buy a Cirrus seminars Online Version of the Seminar Coming Soon – Register for Notification Check out our recommended ADS-B receivers, and order one for yourself. Yes, we’ll make a couple of dollars if you do. Get the Free Aviation News Talk app for iOS or Android. Check out Max’s Online Courses: G1000 VFR, G1000 IFR, and Flying WAAS & GPS Approaches. Find them all at: https://www.pilotlearning.com/ Social Media Like Aviation News Talk podcast on Facebook Follow Max on Instagram Follow Max on Twitter Listen to all Aviation News Talk podcasts on YouTube or YouTube Premium “Go Around” song used by permission of Ken Dravis; you can buy his music at kendravis.com If you purchase a product through a link on our site, we may receive compensation.

399 Crash Survival: How Pilots Can Be Found Faster with Cyriel Kronenberg + GA News

Max talks with Cyriel Kronenberg, Vice President of Airports and Air Traffic Management at uAvionix and a volunteer with the Civil Air Patrol’s National Radar Analysis Team (NRAT), about one of aviation’s most overlooked safety questions: if you survive a crash, how quickly will you be found?

How Long Searches Take Cyriel explains that while ADS-B has shortened search times, the reality is sobering. Without a flight plan, overdue aircraft may not even be reported missing for hours. Average search times have historically stretched from 18 hours with a VFR flight plan to more than 60 hours with no plan at all. Even today, two to three hours is considered fast for locating a downed aircraft. ELTs: The Critical Difference Cyriel stresses the enormous difference between old 121.5 MHz ELTs and modern 406 MHz beacons. The older units provide only a vague signal and are prone to false alarms, often ignored. A properly registered 406 beacon, by contrast, transmits GPS coordinates via satellite, dramatically reducing search times. But here’s the catch: as many as half are mis-registered, with outdated or missing phone numbers. That makes even the best ELT nearly useless until rescuers conduct a blind search. Flight Plans, Contacts, and ADS-B Filing a flight plan helps, but only if searchers can reach someone who knows your intended route. Cyriel urges pilots to list an emergency contact not on the aircraft in the remarks section—ideally a spouse, friend, or FBO. While apps like ForeFlight allow pilots to enter contact details, those aren’t passed to the FAA. ADS-B provides an even bigger safety net: an aircraft with ADS-B out can usually be pinpointed within yards, while non-equipped aircraft may take days to locate. Survival Lessons Cyriel shares personal changes he’s made after years of analyzing accidents. He always keeps his cell phone in his pocket so it won’t be lost in a violent crash, carries a handheld transceiver tuned to 121.5 MHz, and wears or packs high-visibility gear. He emphasizes staying with the aircraft, since wreckage is easier to spot than a single person. Route planning also matters—flying near highways or populated areas at night increases survivability compared to wilderness routes. Behind the Scenes of NRAT Max and Cyriel dive into how NRAT works with the Air Force Rescue Coordination Center (AFRCC). Using radar, ADS-B, and even cell-phone forensics, the team helps determine whether an incident is a false alarm, an accident with no survivors, or a mission where lives can be saved. They coordinate directly with controllers and search crews, sometimes correcting errors in coordinate formats that would otherwise send helicopters to the wrong location. Success Stories and Scale In 2024, AFRCC handled nearly 500 aviation missions, with over 200 lives saved. Civil Air Patrol was involved in more than 300 of those missions, while NRAT contributed to 71 cases—directly responsible for dozens of finds and 10 documented saves. Cyriel recalls a dramatic case in Montana where local ADS-B receivers installed by uAvionix employees helped locate a couple who survived a crash into icy water; thanks to quick coordination, a helicopter pulled them out within 20 minutes. Key Takeaways for Pilots Cyriel closes with a checklist:

Make sure your ELT is registered correctly.
Consider adding a personal locator beacon.
Use ADS-B out whenever possible.
File a flight plan and put a reachable emergency contact in remarks.
Carry your cell phone and handheld radio on your person.
Stay with the aircraft if you go down.

Max underscores the theme: nobody takes off expecting to crash, but hundreds of missions each year prove it happens. With preparation, you can improve your odds not just of surviving the impact, but of being found in time. If you’re getting value from this show, please support the show via PayPal, Venmo, Zelle or Patreon. Support the Show by buying a Lightspeed ANR Headsets Max has been using only Lightspeed headsets for nearly 25 years! I love their tradeup program that let’s you trade in an older Lightspeed headset for a newer model. Start with one of the links below, and Lightspeed will pay a referral fee to support Aviation News Talk. Lightspeed Delta Zulu Headset $1299 NEW – Lightspeed Zulu 4 Headset $1099 Lightspeed Zulu 3 Headset $949 Lightspeed Sierra Headset $749 My Review on the Lightspeed Delta Zulu Send us your feedback or comments via email If you have a question you’d like answered on the show, let listeners hear you ask the question, by recording your listener question using your phone. News Stories

Mentioned on the Show Buy Max Trescott’s G3000 Book Call 800-247-6553 Lightspeed Delta Zulu Headset Giveaway NTSB News Talk Podcast UAV News Talk Podcast Rotary Wing Show Podcast Video of the Week: Arrival into AirVenture 406 MHz ELT Beacon Registration Civil Air Patrol Free Index to the first 282 episodes of Aviation New Talk So You Want To Learn to Fly or Buy a Cirrus seminars Online Version of the Seminar Coming Soon – Register for Notification Check out our recommended ADS-B receivers, and order one for yourself. Yes, we’ll make a couple of dollars if you do. Get the Free Aviation News Talk app for iOS or Android. Check out Max’s Online Courses: G1000 VFR, G1000 IFR, and Flying WAAS & GPS Approaches. Find them all at: https://www.pilotlearning.com/ Social Media Like Aviation News Talk podcast on Facebook Follow Max on Instagram Follow Max on Twitter Listen to all Aviation News Talk podcasts on YouTube or YouTube Premium “Go Around” song used by permission of Ken Dravis; you can buy his music at kendravis.com If you purchase a product through a link on our site, we may receive compensation.

398 9/11 from the Air: NYPD Chief Pilot Ken Solosky Remembers + GA News

Max Trescott talks with Ken Solosky, the NYPD’s Chief Pilot on 9/11, about his experiences managing helicopter operations on one of the most catastrophic days in American history. Though Ken wasn’t flying at the moment of the attacks, he was on the ground coordinating the NYPD’s aviation response. He recounts how what began as a seemingly routine aircraft accident quickly escalated into a full-blown national emergency. The aviation unit scrambled a standard rescue package—Bell 412s with divers and crew chiefs, and patrol helicopters—only to face total communication breakdowns. Cell service and landlines failed, radio channels were overloaded, and misinformation, including reports of enemy fighter jets, created unprecedented confusion.

Ken recalls the surreal moment of watching the second plane hit the South Tower live on TV and initially being unable to process the reality. He explains why rooftop rescues weren’t feasible—smoke obscured visibility, doors were locked or inaccessible, and the risk of engine flameout in the intense heat made the mission too dangerous. Still, he and his team documented the scene extensively and continued daily aerial photography for nearly a year afterward. Ken describes how foreign and domestic aviation units offered immediate support, with helicopters arriving from other cities—even LAPD offering to send their fleet. Yet due to lack of coordination, many of these aircraft were unknown to NYPD at the time and went unused in the response. He speaks candidly about the emotional toll, having lost 10 close friends among the 23 NYPD officers killed, and how that pain continues with the rise in 9/11-related cancer deaths among first responders. Post-9/11, Ken was instrumental in implementing a “96-hour standalone” plan for the NYPD, designed to maintain operations without headquarters support. Staffing schedules were restructured to ensure long-term response capacity. He shares how the aviation unit has evolved over the years—growing from six helicopters to a modern fleet including Bell 429s, a Bell 407 trainer, and a fixed-wing Caravan used for radiation scanning of incoming ships to New York Harbor. Ken also offers a detailed look at what a typical day is like for an NYPD pilot—flying patrol missions, conducting surveillance, responding to foot and vehicle pursuits, and supporting SWAT teams. He explains how the aircraft are equipped with cutting-edge tools like high-def thermal imagers, tactical radios, moving maps, and address-targeting cameras that can zoom in on a license plate from miles away. These tools enable precise coordination with ground teams and real-time intelligence, greatly improving safety and effectiveness. The conversation also delves into pilot recruitment and training, safety management system (SMS) implementation, and Ken’s personal advice for those interested in joining a law enforcement aviation unit. He emphasizes that character and work ethic matter just as much as flight hours. In lighter moments, Ken shares stories of flying Barbara Bush to West Point when Marine One had mechanical issues, and being told by Yankees legend Derek Jeter that flying for the NYPD was cooler than being the Yankees’ shortstop. He also describes dramatic rescues, like locating a man stranded on a sandbar after his friend swam off—and later finding that friend safe on another island. Ken currently flies both a Bell 407 and an Augusta 109 for corporate clients and continues to teach and speak for the FAA and EAA. His legacy and continued contribution to aviation safety and training are evident throughout the episode. The interview is both a sobering reflection on 9/11 and a celebration of how aviation supports public safety in today’s complex world. If you’re getting value from this show, please support the show via PayPal, Venmo, Zelle or Patreon. Support the Show by buying a Lightspeed ANR Headsets Max has been using only Lightspeed headsets for nearly 25 years! I love their tradeup program that let’s you trade in an older Lightspeed headset for a newer model. Start with one of the links below, and Lightspeed will pay a referral fee to support Aviation News Talk. Lightspeed Delta Zulu Headset $1299 NEW – Lightspeed Zulu 4 Headset $1099 Lightspeed Zulu 3 Headset $949 Lightspeed Sierra Headset $749 My Review on the Lightspeed Delta Zulu Send us your feedback or comments via email If you have a question you’d like answered on the show, let listeners hear you ask the question, by recording your listener question using your phone. News Stories

Mentioned on the Show Buy Max Trescott’s G3000 Book Call 800-247-6553 Lightspeed Delta Zulu Headset Giveaway NTSB News Talk Podcast UAV News Talk Podcast Rotary Wing Show Podcast Max’s FLYING column: Deadly Doors: Distractions Still Posing Threats to Pilots Ken Solosky’s “Solo Sky” YouTube Channel Free Index to the first 282 episodes of Aviation New Talk So You Want To Learn to Fly or Buy a Cirrus seminars Online Version of the Seminar Coming Soon – Register for Notification Check out our recommended ADS-B receivers, and order one for yourself. Yes, we’ll make a couple of dollars if you do. Get the Free Aviation News Talk app for iOS or Android. Check out Max’s Online Courses: G1000 VFR, G1000 IFR, and Flying WAAS & GPS Approaches. Find them all at: https://www.pilotlearning.com/ Social Media Like Aviation News Talk podcast on Facebook Follow Max on Instagram Follow Max on Twitter Listen to all Aviation News Talk podcasts on YouTube or YouTube Premium “Go Around” song used by permission of Ken Dravis; you can buy his music at kendravis.com If you purchase a product through a link on our site, we may receive compensation.

397 APR Key Explained: GPS Approach & Autopilot Errors to Avoid with DPE Jim Pitman

Max talks with airline pilot and Designated Pilot Examiner (DPE) Jim Pitman to clear up a persistent avionics myth: that pressing the APR (Approach) key activates a GPS approach. In reality, APR is part of the automatic flight control system (AFCS)—not the GPS navigator. Its function is to arm the flight director’s lateral and vertical capture modes so the autopilot (if engaged) can follow the approach path. You can also view a video version of this episode. Just look on the page for August 15, 2025 video. And while you’re on that page, please sign up to support the show.

Jim’s “apples vs. oranges” analogy helps pilots keep the two systems straight: Apples = GPS navigator functions like activating an approach, sequencing waypoints, and CDI scaling. Oranges = AFCS/autopilot functions like heading, NAV, APR, and altitude hold modes. Max and Jim break down common scenarios in G1000 and Garmin Perspective+ cockpits, including:

How to know an approach is active (look for magenta waypoint below the approach title).
Why APR is often pressed at the wrong time—and how that can disarm modes.
When to press NAV instead of APR (e.g., intercepting before clearance).
How to interpret scaling modes (LPV, LNAV, terminal, en route) inside the HSI.
Using OBS mode effectively and when to turn it off.

They also discuss common checkride errors, such as failing to deselect OBS or mishandling the SUSP (suspend) key during a hold. Jim explains why the FAA expects private pilot applicants to demonstrate basic knowledge of installed automation—even without an instrument rating. You’ll hear practical techniques to avoid “automation surprise,” like keeping the active flight plan visible, always checking the flight mode annunciator (“scoreboard”) before and after pressing a button, and using the “look–press–look” habit. Finally, they clarify the confusion between loading and activating an approach: often, the best way to start is simply going direct to the IAF or IF rather than pressing “Activate Approach.” Pilots can download Jim’s free “G1000 Common Errors & Solutions” guide at flywithjim.com/G1000 and Whether you fly glass-cockpit IFR regularly or are just starting instrument training, this episode will help you use the APR key correctly, fly more precise GPS approaches, and avoid costly autopilot errors. If you’re getting value from this show, please support the show via PayPal, Venmo, Zelle or Patreon. Support the Show by buying a Lightspeed ANR Headsets Max has been using only Lightspeed headsets for nearly 25 years! I love their tradeup program that let’s you trade in an older Lightspeed headset for a newer model. Start with one of the links below, and Lightspeed will pay a referral fee to support Aviation News Talk. Lightspeed Delta Zulu Headset $1299 NEW – Lightspeed Zulu 4 Headset $1099 Lightspeed Zulu 3 Headset $949 Lightspeed Sierra Headset $749 My Review on the Lightspeed Delta Zulu Send us your feedback or comments via email If you have a question you’d like answered on the show, let listeners hear you ask the question, by recording your listener question using your phone. Mentioned on the Show Buy Max Trescott’s G3000 Book Call 800-247-6553 Win a Free Headset: Lightspeed Delta Zulu Headset Giveaway NTSB News Talk Podcast NTSB News Talk on Apple Podcasts App NTSB News Talk on Spotify App UAV News Talk Podcast Rotary Wing Show Podcast Video Version of this Episode! Watch it for free on Patreon Jim Pitman’s website and APR slides Free Index to the first 282 episodes of Aviation New Talk So You Want To Learn to Fly or Buy a Cirrus seminars Online Version of the Seminar Coming Soon – Register for Notification Check out our recommended ADS-B receivers, and order one for yourself. Yes, we’ll make a couple of dollars if you do. Get the Free Aviation News Talk app for iOS or Android. Check out Max’s Online Courses: G1000 VFR, G1000 IFR, and Flying WAAS & GPS Approaches. Find them all at: https://www.pilotlearning.com/ Social Media Like Aviation News Talk podcast on Facebook Follow Max on Instagram Follow Max on Twitter Listen to all Aviation News Talk podcasts on YouTube or YouTube Premium “Go Around” song used by permission of Ken Dravis; you can buy his music at kendravis.com If you purchase a product through a link on our site, we may receive compensation.

396 How All Pilots Benefit from New MOSAIC Sport Pilot and LSA Rules with Sean Elliott + GA News

In this episode of the Aviation News Talk podcast, Max Trescott talks with Sean Elliott, Vice President of Advocacy and Safety at the Experimental Aircraft Association (EAA), about the FAA’s groundbreaking MOSAIC final rule—and how it benefits all pilots, not just sport pilots or Light-Sport Aircraft owners.

Sean explains that MOSAIC replaces the old, restrictive Light-Sport Aircraft definition with a performance-based standard, removing the long-standing 1,320-pound maximum takeoff weight limit and focusing instead on a clean stall speed (VS1) of no more than 59 knots CAS for sport pilot privileges and a landing configuration stall speed (VSO) of no more than 61 knots for LSA certification. This single change dramatically broadens the pool of aircraft that qualify, meaning many popular legacy models—like certain Cessna 172s and even Cirrus SR20s—can now be flown by sport pilots, and private pilots can operate them under sport pilot privileges with nothing more than a valid U.S. driver’s license in place of an FAA medical.

For older pilots or those with long-term medical concerns, MOSAIC is a game-changer. A private pilot who no longer maintains a Third Class or BasicMed medical can still keep flying a wide variety of capable, familiar aircraft—often including the same ones they’ve flown for years—so long as they meet the new stall speed limits and carry no more than one passenger. Sean and Max discuss how this provision gives seasoned aviators a safe and legal way to extend their flying years without the administrative burden or risk of renewing a medical certificate.

MOSAIC also expands sport pilot privileges beyond the original daytime, fair-weather limitations. With additional training and endorsements, sport pilots will be able to fly at night under VFR, operate aircraft with constant-speed propellers and retractable landing gear, and take advantage of higher cruise speeds—removing many of the practical barriers that once kept sport pilots from flying more capable airplanes. The rule even opens the door for certain limited commercial operations by sport pilots, including banner towing, glider towing, and pipeline or powerline patrol—tasks previously off-limits without at least a private pilot certificate.

On the aircraft side, the MOSAIC framework allows manufacturers to certify a much wider range of designs as LSAs under ASTM consensus standards. This could lead to modernized versions of classic Part 23 trainers like the Cessna 172 becoming available in factory-new LSA configurations, as well as innovative new designs in the experimental, gyroplane, and electric aircraft categories. Sean notes that this flexibility benefits the industry by encouraging innovation while keeping costs lower than traditional FAA certification pathways.

Flight schools stand to gain as well. Because many mainstream trainers now qualify as LSAs, schools can use them to train sport pilots without investing in specialized two-seat LSAs that may be less versatile for other types of training. This flexibility could help schools reach a new segment of students—especially older adults returning to flying or beginners looking for a faster, less expensive path to the cockpit.

Max and Sean also cover how MOSAIC affects aircraft maintenance. Repairman certificates for LSAs will still exist, and MOSAIC provides expanded privileges for light-sport repairman-inspectors and mechanics working on these aircraft, supporting both owner-maintenance and professional servicing.

Sean stresses that while MOSAIC dramatically broadens options, it doesn’t automatically change the certification status of existing aircraft—manufacturers or owners must still pursue LSA certification through the ASTM process. That means pilots should verify whether a particular aircraft is LSA-certified or qualifies for operation under sport pilot rules before assuming they can fly it without a medical.

The conversation closes with EAA’s commitment to supporting pilots, flight schools, and manufacturers through MOSAIC’s rollout. EAA will work closely with ASTM to develop the updated industry standards needed to implement the new rules, while also providing education and advocacy to ensure pilots understand their new privileges and responsibilities.

This episode is essential listening for any pilot curious about the future of general aviation under MOSAIC—whether you’re a sport pilot, a private pilot considering BasicMed alternatives, a CFI planning to expand your student base, or an aircraft owner wondering if your plane might now qualify as an LSA. With expert insights from one of the country’s leading aviation advocates, you’ll learn exactly how MOSAIC changes the game for who can fly what, and under what conditions, for years to come.

Mentioned on the Show Buy Max Trescott’s G3000 Book Call 800-247-6553 Lightspeed Delta Zulu Headset Giveaway NTSB News Talk Podcast UAV News Talk Podcast Rotary Wing Show Podcast Free Index to the first 282 episodes of Aviation New Talk So You Want To Learn to Fly or Buy a Cirrus seminars Online Version of the Seminar Coming Soon – Register for Notification Check out our recommended ADS-B receivers, and order one for yourself. Yes, we’ll make a couple of dollars if you do. Get the Free Aviation News Talk app for iOS or Android. Check out Max’s Online Courses: G1000 VFR, G1000 IFR, and Flying WAAS & GPS Approaches. Find them all at: https://www.pilotlearning.com/ Social Media Like Aviation News Talk podcast on Facebook Follow Max on Instagram Follow Max on Twitter Listen to all Aviation News Talk podcasts on YouTube or YouTube Premium “Go Around” song used by permission of Ken Dravis; you can buy his music at kendravis.com If you purchase a product through a link on our site, we may receive compensation.

395 NYPD Pilot Ken Solosky on 9/11 — Listen Now on the Rotary Wing Show

Ken Solosky was the NYPD’s Chief Pilot on 9/11, responsible for coordinating helicopter operations during the most devastating day in modern American history. In this short teaser, you’ll hear a preview of our in-depth interview with Ken, including why rooftop rescues at the World Trade Center weren’t attempted and how the team coped with confusion, misinformation, and tragic loss. The full episode is available now on our new podcast: Rotary Wing Show. Listen and subscribe in your favorite podcast app, by clicking on the link above, and then click the Follow button in the upper right. Or, you can get to the show directly if you’re using the Apple Podcast app or the Spotify app. If you enjoy this show, please use the Share button in your app, and share the episode with a friend. Thank you so much for listening, and I’ll talk with you again soon.

If you’re getting value from this show, please support the show via PayPal, Venmo, Zelle or Patreon. Support the Show by buying a Lightspeed ANR Headsets Max has been using only Lightspeed headsets for nearly 25 years! I love their tradeup program that let’s you trade in an older Lightspeed headset for a newer model. Start with one of the links below, and Lightspeed will pay a referral fee to support Aviation News Talk. Lightspeed Delta Zulu Headset $1299 NEW – Lightspeed Zulu 4 Headset $1099 Lightspeed Zulu 3 Headset $949 Lightspeed Sierra Headset $749 My Review on the Lightspeed Delta Zulu Send us your feedback or comments via email If you have a question you’d like answered on the show, let listeners hear you ask the question, by recording your listener question using your phone. Mentioned on the Show Buy Max Trescott’s G3000 Book Call 800-247-6553 Lightspeed Delta Zulu Headset Giveaway NTSB News Talk Podcast UAV News Talk Podcast Rotary Wing Show Podcast Free Index to the first 282 episodes of Aviation New Talk So You Want To Learn to Fly or Buy a Cirrus seminars Online Version of the Seminar Coming Soon – Register for Notification Check out our recommended ADS-B receivers, and order one for yourself. Yes, we’ll make a couple of dollars if you do. Get the Free Aviation News Talk app for iOS or Android. Check out Max’s Online Courses: G1000 VFR, G1000 IFR, and Flying WAAS & GPS Approaches. Find them all at: https://www.pilotlearning.com/ Social Media Like Aviation News Talk podcast on Facebook Follow Max on Instagram Follow Max on Twitter Listen to all Aviation News Talk podcasts on YouTube or YouTube Premium “Go Around” song used by permission of Ken Dravis; you can buy his music at kendravis.com If you purchase a product through a link on our site, we may receive compensation.